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🔥 IEEE 1584-2018 · NFPA 70E-2021

Arc Flash Risk Estimator

Estimate incident energy (cal/cm²) and PPE category using the IEEE 1584-2018 Lee Method. For preliminary hazard screening — full study requires Professional plan.

✓ Lee Method formula✓ PPE category output✓ NEC 110.16 labeling ref
⚠ Advisory Notice: This tool uses the simplified IEEE 1584-2018 Lee Method for preliminary screening only. A complete arc flash study per IEEE 1584-2018 requires detailed system modeling, impedance data, and validation by a licensed electrical engineer. Results must not be used as the sole basis for safety decisions or arc flash labeling.
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Arc Flash Inputs

IEEE 1584-2018 Lee Method — E = (793 × V_kV × I²_a × t) / D²

Typical: 0.1s (6 cycles) · Upstream breaker clearing time

Incident Energy Result

Enter system parameters and press Calculate

Enter arc flash parameters to get an estimated incident energy level and PPE category.
Full IEEE 1584-2018 Study + Label Gen🔒 Professional
Arc Flash Boundary: 41.8 inches at 1.2 cal/cm² threshold...
Enclosure correction factor: Open air vs. enclosed bus...
Label output: NEC 110.16 compliant arc flash warning label...

NFPA 70E PPE categories explained

NFPA 70E-2021 Table 130.5(G) defines four PPE categories based on incident energy levels. Each category specifies minimum arc-rated clothing and PPE requirements.

PPE Cat.Incident EnergyMin Arc Rating
Category 1≤ 1.2 cal/cm²4 cal/cm² AR
Category 21.2–12 cal/cm²8 cal/cm² AR
Category 312–25 cal/cm²25 cal/cm² AR
Category 425–40 cal/cm²40 cal/cm² AR
Danger Zone> 40 cal/cm²Do not work energized

Lee Method formula

E = (793 × VkV × Ia² × t) / D²
Where E = incident energy (cal/cm²), VkV = system voltage (kV), Ia = arcing current (kA), t = arc duration (seconds), D = working distance (inches).

NEC 110.16 labeling requirement

NEC 110.16 requires arc flash warning labels on all electrical equipment likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized. Labels must warn of arc flash hazard but do not need to specify incident energy.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between the Lee Method and full IEEE 1584-2018?
The Lee Method is a simplified formula for preliminary screening. The full IEEE 1584-2018 empirical model uses validated equations derived from physical testing data, accounts for enclosure type and gap dimensions, and is significantly more accurate — especially below 600V. For formal arc flash studies, documentation, and labeling, the full empirical model is required.
Who is required to perform an arc flash study?
NFPA 70E-2021 Section 130.5 requires that an arc flash risk assessment be performed before work on energized equipment. OSHA 1910.269 also references arc flash for utility work. The assessment must be performed by a qualified person; a formal IEEE 1584 study is best practice for facilities with significant arc flash hazard.
What arcing duration should I use?
Arcing duration equals the clearing time of the upstream overcurrent device. Typical values: instantaneous trip on a molded case CB = 0.008–0.016s; time-delay = 0.1–0.5s; current-limiting fuse = <0.004s. Using actual device TCC data from the overcurrent study produces the most accurate results. EEP's Professional plan includes device characteristic lookup.

Related calculators

Full IEEE 1584-2018 Arc Flash Study

Professional plan includes the complete empirical model study, arc flash boundary calculation, equipment-specific label generation, and a compliant engineering report.

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